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Infertility is a condition where a couple fls to conceive naturally after attempting unprotected sexual intercourse for an appropriate period. It can be attributed to various reasons, leading couples who are unable to have their own children through conventional means. The advent of In Vitro Fertilization IVF offers hope and opportunity for infertile couples to realize parenthood.
Go To: DAY 0
commences with the collection of mature eggs from the woman's ovaries followed immediately by receipt of a semen sample from her partner later on that day. The man’s sperm is then placed in close proximity with selected high-quality eggs, allowing for fertilization to start. This procedure known as insemination facilitates natural fertilization when it occurs under controlled conditions.
In cases where men might have low sperm count or other justifiable reasons, Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ICSI can be utilized instead of conventional IVF. ICSI involves the use of a specialized microscopic tool to inject a single sperm directly into an egg. Once completed, both eggs and sperm are cultured together in a stable environment under appropriate conditions, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen supply for approximately 16-18 hours.
Go To: DAY 1
Throughout this incubation period of about 16 to 18 hours, fertilization is expected. On Day 1 following the egg collection process, laboratory staff assesses whether fertilization has occurred. Only those eggs that have successfully fertilized can proceed to divide and form embryos over subsequent days.
Go To: DAY 2 ONWARD
Embryologists in the lab closely monitor the development of embryos each day. Typically, a normal embryo would progress from four cells on Day 2 to eight cells by Day 3. By Day 4, the cells have multiplied further into an indiscernible mass, often referred to as a morula. Finally, by Day 5, the central cavity within the embryo starts to form - at this stage, it is called a blastocyst.
Deciding when to perform embryo transfer involves a collaborative effort between medical professionals and embryologists, considering factors like the embryo's development status provided by the lab team. Timing may range from Day 2, Day 3, or Day 5, deping on its condition at that particular stage.
IVF as a method for treating infertility has witnessed immense recognition over recent decades. It has dramatically transformed the lives of many couples who were once distraught about their inability to conceive naturally. With IVF, these individuals now have the opportunity to experience parenthood akin to other families with fertile couples.
References:
Chanda A. 2010. The Miracle of IVF: An Insight into and Its Impact on Infertile Couples. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology Research, 13, 365-XXX.
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IVF Process for Infertility Treatment Egg and Sperm Fertilization Technique Embryo Development Stages Overview Day specific Processes in IVF Selecting Optimal Transfer Timing IVFs Impact on Infertile Couples